PAST and FUTURE 3-D PROJECTS

Since 2005, Cell Systems 3-D has designed and engineered numerous prototype 3-D models for investigations of the pathophysiology of microbial, viral and fungi pathogens.

Several of these 3-D models are being currently being used in on-going NIH sponsored research or included in grant applications under consideration.

Virology

• Proof of concept: human cerebellum 3-D model for invasiveness and pathology of West Nile Virus, (NY-99 strain) and Dengue-2
• Pathophysiology of SARS-coronavirus  (SARS-CoV, Urbani strain) in a human upper airways 3-D model
• Pathophysiology of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (wt-A2) and proof of concept for Parainfluenza 1 and 3 in a 3-D human airways model
• Pathophysiology of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in a human endovascular - pharyngeal epithelia 3-D model
• Proof of concept: 3-D Ae. albopictus 3-D model for arbovirus transmission

Parasitology

• Proof of concept: 3-D human small intestinal model for Cryptosporidium parvum  for parasite life cycle, cytopathology
• Proof of concept: 3-D dermal skin model for Trypanosoma cruzi, emphasis on microvascular endothelial cell interactions
• Proof of concept: 3-D human dermal model for Leishmania mexicana, parasite life cycle, cytopathology and innate immune response

Microbiology

• Proof of concept: 3-D human colon model for Mycobacterium spp. invasiveness and pathophysiology

Veterinary

• Proof of concept: avian chick small intestinal model for selected bacterial pathogens
• Proof of concept: neonatal bovine small intestine-colon for selected bacterial pathogens